Single-specimen systematics resolves the phylogeny and diversity conundrum of enigmatic crustacean y-larvae
Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
Resolving the evolutionary history of organisms is a major goal in biology. Yet for some taxa the diversity, phylogeny, and even adult stages remain unknown. The enigmatic crustacean “y-larvae” (Facetotecta) are one particularly striking example. Here, we use extensive video-imaging and single-specimen molecular sequencing of >200 y-larval specimens to comprehensively explore for the first time their evolutionary history and diversity. This integrative approach revealed five major clades of Facetotecta, four of which encompass a considerable larval diversity. Whereas morphological analyses recognized 35 y-naupliar “morphospecies”, molecular species-delimitation analyses suggested the existence of between 88 and 127 species. The phenotypic and genetic diversity between the morphospecies suggests that a more elaborate classification than the current one-genus approach is needed. Morphology and molecular data were highly congruent at shallower phylogenetic levels, but no morphological synapomorphies could be unambiguously identified for major clades, which mostly comprise both planktotrophic and lecithotrophic y-nauplii. We argue that lecithotrophy arose several times independently whereas planktotrophic y-nauplii, which are structurally more similar across clades, most likely display the ancestral feeding mode of Facetotecta. We document a remarkably complex and highly diverse phylogenetic backbone for a taxon of larval marine crustaceans, the full life cycle of which remains a mystery.
| Originalsprog | Engelsk |
|---|---|
| Artikelnummer | 107780 |
| Tidsskrift | Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |
| Vol/bind | 184 |
| Antal sider | 15 |
| ISSN | 1055-7903 |
| DOI | |
| Status | Udgivet - 2023 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
We thank Pei-Chen Tsai, Yao-Feng Tsao, and Meng-Chen Yu from the Coastal Ecology lab at the Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, for help with travel, collections, and rearing. We are also grateful to Drs. Aslak Jørgensen and Elizabeth Biersma (both NHM Denmark) for help with wet-lab setup and for donating precious laboratory supplies, and to administrative and technical staff (especially Dr. Yoshikatsu Nakano) at the Sesoko Laboratory (Okinawa). Dr. Yoshihisa Fujita (Okinawa Prefectural University of Arts) provided invaluable logistic support (e.g. superb microscopes). Our colleagues Drs. Jens T. Høeg, Yoichi Yusa, Gregory A. Kolbasov, and Alexandra S. Savchenko are generously acknowledged for providing inspiring and stimulating input. Danny Eibye-Jacobsen (SNM Denmark) is also thanked for considerable help with collections and sample management, sometimes at great personal peril. We benefitted from discussions on macroevolutionary modeling and species concepts with Dr. Jen-Pan Huang (Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan) and Ms. Sophie Chen. This work was generously supported by a VILLUM Experiment grant (project no. 17467) and a Carlsberg Foundation grant (project CF22-1241) to JO. FP acknowledges the project “CIDEGENT/2019/028 - BIOdiversity PAtterns of Crustacea from Karstic Systems (BIOPACKS): molecular, morphological, and functional adaptations” funded by the Conselleria d'Innovació, Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital. ND acknowledges funding from a double degree graduate grant given by the Taiwan International Graduate Program and the Natural History of Denmark. MJG's involvement was enabled by support to National Taiwan Ocean University's Center of Excellence for the Oceans from the Featured Areas Research Center Program of the Taiwan Ministry of Education's Higher Education Sprout Project, with other support provided by a grant from Taiwan's Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 108-2611-M-019-002-). We finally thank the editors Dr. Guillermo Orti and Dr. Marcos Pérez-Losada as well as two anonymous reviewers and Dr. Jimmy P. Bernot for excellent and rigorous review of earlier versions of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023
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