Last appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000-108,000 years ago

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Last appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000-108,000 years ago. / Rizal, Yan; Westaway, Kira E.; Zaim, Yahdi; van den Bergh, Gerrit D.; Bettis, E. Arthur, III; Morwood, Michael J.; Huffman, O. Frank; Grun, Rainer; Joannes-Boyau, Renaud; Bailey, Richard M.; Sidarto; Westaway, Michael C.; Kurniawan, Iwan; Moore, Mark W.; Storey, Michael; Aziz, Fachroel; Suminto; Zhao, Jian-xin; Aswan; Sipola, Maija E.; Larick, Roy; Zonneveld, John-Paul; Scott, Robert; Putt, Shelby; Ciochon, Russell L.

I: Nature, Bind 577, Nr. 7790, 2020, s. 381-385.

Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt

Harvard

Rizal, Y, Westaway, KE, Zaim, Y, van den Bergh, GD, Bettis, EAIII, Morwood, MJ, Huffman, OF, Grun, R, Joannes-Boyau, R, Bailey, RM, Sidarto, Westaway, MC, Kurniawan, I, Moore, MW, Storey, M, Aziz, F, Suminto, Zhao, J, Aswan, Sipola, ME, Larick, R, Zonneveld, J-P, Scott, R, Putt, S & Ciochon, RL 2020, 'Last appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000-108,000 years ago', Nature, bind 577, nr. 7790, s. 381-385. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1863-2

APA

Rizal, Y., Westaway, K. E., Zaim, Y., van den Bergh, G. D., Bettis, E. A. III., Morwood, M. J., Huffman, O. F., Grun, R., Joannes-Boyau, R., Bailey, R. M., Sidarto, Westaway, M. C., Kurniawan, I., Moore, M. W., Storey, M., Aziz, F., Suminto, Zhao, J., Aswan, ... Ciochon, R. L. (2020). Last appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000-108,000 years ago. Nature, 577(7790), 381-385. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1863-2

Vancouver

Rizal Y, Westaway KE, Zaim Y, van den Bergh GD, Bettis EAIII, Morwood MJ o.a. Last appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000-108,000 years ago. Nature. 2020;577(7790):381-385. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1863-2

Author

Rizal, Yan ; Westaway, Kira E. ; Zaim, Yahdi ; van den Bergh, Gerrit D. ; Bettis, E. Arthur, III ; Morwood, Michael J. ; Huffman, O. Frank ; Grun, Rainer ; Joannes-Boyau, Renaud ; Bailey, Richard M. ; Sidarto ; Westaway, Michael C. ; Kurniawan, Iwan ; Moore, Mark W. ; Storey, Michael ; Aziz, Fachroel ; Suminto ; Zhao, Jian-xin ; Aswan ; Sipola, Maija E. ; Larick, Roy ; Zonneveld, John-Paul ; Scott, Robert ; Putt, Shelby ; Ciochon, Russell L. / Last appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000-108,000 years ago. I: Nature. 2020 ; Bind 577, Nr. 7790. s. 381-385.

Bibtex

@article{6363e2d2a32c44a49129e4094bf2504c,
title = "Last appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000-108,000 years ago",
abstract = "Homo erectus is the founding early hominin species of Island Southeast Asia, and reached Java (Indonesia) more than 1.5 million years ago1,2. Twelve H. erectus calvaria (skull caps) and two tibiae (lower leg bones) were discovered from a bone bed located about 20 m above the Solo River at Ngandong (Central Java) between 1931 and 19333,4, and are of the youngest, most-advanced form of H. erectus5,6,7,8. Despite the importance of the Ngandong fossils, the relationship between the fossils, terrace fill and ages have been heavily debated9,10,11,12,13,14. Here, to resolve the age of the Ngandong evidence, we use Bayesian modelling of 52 radiometric age estimates to establish—to our knowledge—the first robust chronology at regional, valley and local scales. We used uranium-series dating of speleothems to constrain regional landscape evolution; luminescence, 40argon/39argon (40Ar/39Ar) and uranium-series dating to constrain the sequence of terrace evolution; and applied uranium-series and uranium series–electron-spin resonance (US–ESR) dating to non-human fossils to directly date our re-excavation of Ngandong5,15. We show that at least by 500 thousand years ago (ka) the Solo River was diverted into the Kendeng Hills, and that it formed the Solo terrace sequence between 316 and 31 ka and the Ngandong terrace between about 140 and 92 ka. Non-human fossils recovered during the re-excavation of Ngandong date to between 109 and 106 ka (uranium-series minimum)16 and 134 and 118 ka (US–ESR), with modelled ages of 117 to 108 thousand years (kyr) for the H. erectus bone bed, which accumulated during flood conditions3,17. These results negate the extreme ages that have been proposed for the site and solidify Ngandong as the last known occurrence of this long-lived species.",
author = "Yan Rizal and Westaway, {Kira E.} and Yahdi Zaim and {van den Bergh}, {Gerrit D.} and Bettis, {E. Arthur, III} and Morwood, {Michael J.} and Huffman, {O. Frank} and Rainer Grun and Renaud Joannes-Boyau and Bailey, {Richard M.} and Sidarto and Westaway, {Michael C.} and Iwan Kurniawan and Moore, {Mark W.} and Michael Storey and Fachroel Aziz and Suminto and Jian-xin Zhao and Aswan and Sipola, {Maija E.} and Roy Larick and John-Paul Zonneveld and Robert Scott and Shelby Putt and Ciochon, {Russell L.}",
year = "2020",
doi = "10.1038/s41586-019-1863-2",
language = "English",
volume = "577",
pages = "381--385",
journal = "Nature",
issn = "0028-0836",
publisher = "nature publishing group",
number = "7790",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Last appearance of Homo erectus at Ngandong, Java, 117,000-108,000 years ago

AU - Rizal, Yan

AU - Westaway, Kira E.

AU - Zaim, Yahdi

AU - van den Bergh, Gerrit D.

AU - Bettis, E. Arthur, III

AU - Morwood, Michael J.

AU - Huffman, O. Frank

AU - Grun, Rainer

AU - Joannes-Boyau, Renaud

AU - Bailey, Richard M.

AU - Sidarto, null

AU - Westaway, Michael C.

AU - Kurniawan, Iwan

AU - Moore, Mark W.

AU - Storey, Michael

AU - Aziz, Fachroel

AU - Suminto, null

AU - Zhao, Jian-xin

AU - Aswan, null

AU - Sipola, Maija E.

AU - Larick, Roy

AU - Zonneveld, John-Paul

AU - Scott, Robert

AU - Putt, Shelby

AU - Ciochon, Russell L.

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - Homo erectus is the founding early hominin species of Island Southeast Asia, and reached Java (Indonesia) more than 1.5 million years ago1,2. Twelve H. erectus calvaria (skull caps) and two tibiae (lower leg bones) were discovered from a bone bed located about 20 m above the Solo River at Ngandong (Central Java) between 1931 and 19333,4, and are of the youngest, most-advanced form of H. erectus5,6,7,8. Despite the importance of the Ngandong fossils, the relationship between the fossils, terrace fill and ages have been heavily debated9,10,11,12,13,14. Here, to resolve the age of the Ngandong evidence, we use Bayesian modelling of 52 radiometric age estimates to establish—to our knowledge—the first robust chronology at regional, valley and local scales. We used uranium-series dating of speleothems to constrain regional landscape evolution; luminescence, 40argon/39argon (40Ar/39Ar) and uranium-series dating to constrain the sequence of terrace evolution; and applied uranium-series and uranium series–electron-spin resonance (US–ESR) dating to non-human fossils to directly date our re-excavation of Ngandong5,15. We show that at least by 500 thousand years ago (ka) the Solo River was diverted into the Kendeng Hills, and that it formed the Solo terrace sequence between 316 and 31 ka and the Ngandong terrace between about 140 and 92 ka. Non-human fossils recovered during the re-excavation of Ngandong date to between 109 and 106 ka (uranium-series minimum)16 and 134 and 118 ka (US–ESR), with modelled ages of 117 to 108 thousand years (kyr) for the H. erectus bone bed, which accumulated during flood conditions3,17. These results negate the extreme ages that have been proposed for the site and solidify Ngandong as the last known occurrence of this long-lived species.

AB - Homo erectus is the founding early hominin species of Island Southeast Asia, and reached Java (Indonesia) more than 1.5 million years ago1,2. Twelve H. erectus calvaria (skull caps) and two tibiae (lower leg bones) were discovered from a bone bed located about 20 m above the Solo River at Ngandong (Central Java) between 1931 and 19333,4, and are of the youngest, most-advanced form of H. erectus5,6,7,8. Despite the importance of the Ngandong fossils, the relationship between the fossils, terrace fill and ages have been heavily debated9,10,11,12,13,14. Here, to resolve the age of the Ngandong evidence, we use Bayesian modelling of 52 radiometric age estimates to establish—to our knowledge—the first robust chronology at regional, valley and local scales. We used uranium-series dating of speleothems to constrain regional landscape evolution; luminescence, 40argon/39argon (40Ar/39Ar) and uranium-series dating to constrain the sequence of terrace evolution; and applied uranium-series and uranium series–electron-spin resonance (US–ESR) dating to non-human fossils to directly date our re-excavation of Ngandong5,15. We show that at least by 500 thousand years ago (ka) the Solo River was diverted into the Kendeng Hills, and that it formed the Solo terrace sequence between 316 and 31 ka and the Ngandong terrace between about 140 and 92 ka. Non-human fossils recovered during the re-excavation of Ngandong date to between 109 and 106 ka (uranium-series minimum)16 and 134 and 118 ka (US–ESR), with modelled ages of 117 to 108 thousand years (kyr) for the H. erectus bone bed, which accumulated during flood conditions3,17. These results negate the extreme ages that have been proposed for the site and solidify Ngandong as the last known occurrence of this long-lived species.

U2 - 10.1038/s41586-019-1863-2

DO - 10.1038/s41586-019-1863-2

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 31853068

VL - 577

SP - 381

EP - 385

JO - Nature

JF - Nature

SN - 0028-0836

IS - 7790

ER -

ID: 239909072