TY - ABST

T1 - Dates and rates of major pelagic deep-sea fish radiations

AU - Poulsen, Jan Yde

AU - Miya, Masaki

AU - Kawaguchi, Akira

AU - Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm

AU - Willassen, Endre

AU - Byrkjedal, Ingvar

AU - Friedman, Matt

PY - 2013/7

Y1 - 2013/7

N2 - The pelagic realm of the deep-sea is home to some of the most spectacular fishes in terms of morphological adaptations, a probable consequenceof the distinct hostile living conditions in this poorly known habitat. Detecting speciation patterns in open ocean fishes is often complicated fromthe lack of defined physical barriers inhibiting gene flow, resulting in difficulties when establishing species richness and ecology, a particularlyevident problem when considering volume of habitat available in the deep-sea. However, considering the “hostile” factors such as scarce preyand infrequent sexual encounters, comparing species richness and habitat alone tells us little about successful speciation in the pelagic deep-seaenvironment.The last two decades has expanded our knowledge on teleostean phylogeny from molecular data, although comparing nuclear, mitochondrial andhundreds of years of morphological work on both extant and extinct fishes, clearly illustrates numerous discrepancies between these threephylogenetic hypotheses. The phylogenetic results, updated paleontological information, a continuous production of new molecular data andadvanced relaxed clock analysis provide us with the opportunity to initiate the calculation of speciation rates across independent fish lineagesoccupying similar habitats.In this study we produced new mitogenomic data of previously insufficiently sampled deep-sea fish lineages, and constructed a dataset of over250 taxa to represent the current mitogenomic view of actinopterygian phylogeny. Taxon sampling was chosen with special emphasis on recentresults, that showed phylogeny and age estimates from nuclear evidence, allowing us to compare the ages of stem- and crown group nodes of allmajor deep-sea pelagic fish radiations.Two extreme extinction rates were used to calculate the diversification rates of all major deep-sea fish radiations using the different phylogenetichypotheses and associated estimates of divergence time. Two deep-sea radiations, the order Stomiiformes and the deep-sea Anglerfishes in thesuborder Ceratoidei, were found to present higher diversification rates than all other lineages in this habitat when compared to a backgrounddiversification rate of pelagic deep-sea fishes in the Teleostei.

AB - The pelagic realm of the deep-sea is home to some of the most spectacular fishes in terms of morphological adaptations, a probable consequenceof the distinct hostile living conditions in this poorly known habitat. Detecting speciation patterns in open ocean fishes is often complicated fromthe lack of defined physical barriers inhibiting gene flow, resulting in difficulties when establishing species richness and ecology, a particularlyevident problem when considering volume of habitat available in the deep-sea. However, considering the “hostile” factors such as scarce preyand infrequent sexual encounters, comparing species richness and habitat alone tells us little about successful speciation in the pelagic deep-seaenvironment.The last two decades has expanded our knowledge on teleostean phylogeny from molecular data, although comparing nuclear, mitochondrial andhundreds of years of morphological work on both extant and extinct fishes, clearly illustrates numerous discrepancies between these threephylogenetic hypotheses. The phylogenetic results, updated paleontological information, a continuous production of new molecular data andadvanced relaxed clock analysis provide us with the opportunity to initiate the calculation of speciation rates across independent fish lineagesoccupying similar habitats.In this study we produced new mitogenomic data of previously insufficiently sampled deep-sea fish lineages, and constructed a dataset of over250 taxa to represent the current mitogenomic view of actinopterygian phylogeny. Taxon sampling was chosen with special emphasis on recentresults, that showed phylogeny and age estimates from nuclear evidence, allowing us to compare the ages of stem- and crown group nodes of allmajor deep-sea pelagic fish radiations.Two extreme extinction rates were used to calculate the diversification rates of all major deep-sea fish radiations using the different phylogenetichypotheses and associated estimates of divergence time. Two deep-sea radiations, the order Stomiiformes and the deep-sea Anglerfishes in thesuborder Ceratoidei, were found to present higher diversification rates than all other lineages in this habitat when compared to a backgrounddiversification rate of pelagic deep-sea fishes in the Teleostei.

M3 - Conference abstract for conference

ER -